气质联用检测不同提取方法对泽泻挥发性成分的影响研究

Investigation of the effects of different extraction methods on volatile compounds of Alismatis Rhizoma using temperament combination assay

[目的]分析和比较不同提取方式下的泽泻挥发性成分,为研究泽泻挥发物的药理活性及完善泽泻药材质量评价提供依据。[方法]采用水蒸气蒸馏法与顶空进样法提取泽泻挥发物,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分别对两种提取方式下的挥发性化学成分进行定性分析。[结果]水蒸气蒸馏法的泽泻挥发物中鉴定出56个化学成分,占挥发性成分总含量的36.89%,以倍半萜烯类、酮类、醛类化合物为主,主要为愈创木烯(5.98%)、γ-古芸烯(3.04%)、α-紫穗槐烯(2.94%)等;顶空进样法的泽泻挥发物中共鉴定出71个化学成分,占挥发性成分总含量的84.5%,以醛类、杂环类、萜烯类为主,主要为正己醛(38.39%)、2-戊基呋喃(6.91%)、α-紫穗槐烯(3.36%)等。[结论]两种方法提取得到的泽泻挥发油的化学成分种和相对含量均有所差异,综合利用两种方法可建立更全面的泽泻挥发性成分的GC-MS信息。

[Objective]To analyze and compare the volatile compounds of Alismatis Rhizoma(AR)under different extraction methods,and to provide a basis for investigating the pharmacological activities of AR volatiles and for refining the evaluation of the medicinal quality of AR.[Methods]The volatiles of AR were extracted by steam distillation combined with headspace injection,and the volatile chemical constituents were qualitatively analyzed by GC-MS in two extraction regimes,respectively.[Results]The 56 chemical components were identified in the volatiles of AR by steam distillation,accounting for 36.89%of the total volatile components,mainly sesquiterpene alkenes,ketones and aldehydes,mainly guaiacolene(5.98%),γ-gurjunene(3.04%),α-amorphene(2.94%),etc.A total of 71 chemical components,accounting for 84.5% of the total volatile compounds,were identified in the volatiles of AR by headspace injection,mainly hexanal(38.39%),2-pentylfuran(6.91%),andα-amorphene(3.36%),among which aldehydes,heterocycles,and terpenes were predominant.[Conclusion]The species and relative contents of the volatile compounds of AR obtained by the two extraction methods differed,and a more comprehensive GC-MS information of the volatile compounds of AR can be established by combining the two methods.