2018-2021年四川省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒防控效果评价

Evaluation on the effect of prevention and control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Sichuan Province from 2018 to 2021

目的评估四川省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒防控成效,为进一步制定有针对性的防控措施提供依据。方法按照《四川省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒消除评价实施方案》要求,2018-2021年在四川省辖内23个县(市、区)的所有病区村开展燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒消除评价工作,每个病区村抽取30户家庭,调查改良炉灶使用情况、供人食用的玉米和辣椒干燥情况,并调查村内所有8~12周岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况。结果共在四川省23个县(市、区)、196个乡镇的1640个病区村调查了222242户居民;其中,合格改良炉灶率为99.99%(222238/222242),合格改良炉灶正确使用率为99.90%(222026/222238),供人食用的玉米和辣椒正确干燥率为99.96%(212630/212721)。共检查8~12周岁儿童135125人,检出氟斑牙5927例,儿童氟斑牙患病率为4.39%;氟斑牙分度以极轻度和轻度为主,分别占2.71%(3656/135125)、1.32%(1783/135125)。1640个病区村的县级自评工作中,有1621个病区村达到了消除标准,病区村消除率为98.84%;以县为单位,病区村消除率范围为96.69%~100.00%,23个病区县(市、区)均达到了消除标准。174个病区村的省级复核结果中,174个病区村均达到了消除标准,与县级自评结果一致率为98.85%(172/174);其中,除古蔺县自评结果的一致率为7/9外,其余县(市、区)的一致率均为100.00%。结论四川省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒防控效果显著,各病区县(市、区)均已达到消除标准;今后还应继续采取积极的防治措施,确保持续保持消除状态。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Sichuan Province,and to provide basis for further development of targeted prevention and control measures.Methods According to the requirements of the Implementation Plan for the Elimination and Evaluation of Coal-burning-borne Endemic Fluorosis in Sichuan Province,from 2018 to 2021,the assessment of the elimination of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis was carried out in all the endemic fluorosis villages of 23 counties(cities,districts)in Sichuan Province.In each village,30 households were selected to be investigated the use of improved stoves,the drying of corn and pepper for human consumption,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis among all children aged 8-12 years old in the village.Results A total of 222242 households were surveyed in 1640 villages,196 towns,23 counties(cities,districts)in Sichuan Province.Among them,the rate of qualified improved stoves was 99.99%(222238/222242),the correct use rate of qualified improved stoves was 99.90%(212026/222238),and the correct drying rate of corn and pepper for human consumption was 99.96%(212630/212721).A total of 135125 children aged 8 to 12 years old were examined,and 5927 cases of dental fluorosis were detected.The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children was 4.39%.The grading of dental fluorosis was mainly very mild and mild,which were 2.71%(3656/135125)and 1.32%(1783/135125),respectively.In the county-level self-assessment of 1640 villages,1621 villages had reached the elimination standard,with the elimination rate of 98.84%.Taking counties as a unit,the elimination rate of diseased villages ranged from 96.69%to 100.00%,and 23 diseased counties(cities,districts)had reached the elimination standard.In the provincial-level review results of 174 villages with endemic fluorosis,174 diseased villages had reached the elimination standard,with the consistency rate of 98.85%(172/174)with the county-level self-assessment results.Among them,except for Gulin County,the consistency rate of self-assessment results was 7/9,the consistency rate of other counties(cities,districts)was 100.00%.Conclusions The prevention and control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Sichuan Province has achieved remarkable results,and all the diseased counties(cities,districts)have reached the elimination standard.In the future,we should continue to take active prevention and control measures to ensure that the elimination status is maintained.