增材制造Ti6Al4V合金损伤容限性能研究进展

Research progress of damage tolerance properties of additive manufactured Ti6Al4V alloy

Ti6Al4V合金综合性能优异,是现阶段航空航天工业用量最大的钛合金。随着新一代航空航天装备对高效能、高可靠性、轻量化及长寿命等技术指标的要求日益提高,利用增材制造技术快速制备结构复杂的钛合金构件成为近年来的研究热点。伴随航空航天工业发展,损伤容限设计成为该领域结构设计和材料选择的基本判断依据。现有研究表明,增材制造Ti6Al4V合金损伤容限性能已经基本达到甚至超过锻造或轧制退火水平。以激光选区熔化成形技术、激光熔化沉积技术、电子束熔化成形技术和电弧增材制造技术制备的Ti6Al4V合金为对象,综述了不同增材制造工艺及后续热处理对显微组织、残余应力等损伤容限性能影响因素的影响,阐明了近年来增材制造Ti6Al4V合金损伤容限性能的相关研究进展。

Ti6Al4V alloy has excellent comprehensive properties and is the most used titanium alloy in aerospace industry at present.With the increasing requirements of new generation of aerospace equipment for high efficiency,high reliability,lightweight and long life,the rapid preparation of titanium alloy components with complex structure using additive manufacturing technology has become a research focus in recent years.With the development of aerospace industry,damage tolerance design has become the basic judgment basis for structural design and material selection in this field.Existing studies show that the damage tolerance of Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured by additive manufacturing has basically reached or even exceeded the level of forging alloys or annealing alloys after rolling.Taking the Ti6Al4V alloy prepared by selective laser melting,laser melting deposition,electron beam melting and wire arc additive manufacture as the object,the influence of different additive manufacturing processes and subsequent heat treatment on the influencing factors of damage tolerance properties such as microstructure and residual stress was reviewed,and the relevant research progress of Ti6Al4V alloy damage tolerance performance of additive manufacturing in recent years was elucidated.