不同演奏形式的乐曲对犊牛生长性能及血液生化指标的影响

Effects of music in different playing forms on growth performance and blood biochemical indexes of calves

为探究不同演奏形式的乐曲对犊牛生长性能及血液生化指标的影响,试验选取7日龄体重相近、健康的32头母犊牛,将其随机分为对照组(无乐曲播放)、管乐组、弦乐组及弹拨组,每组设8个重复,试验期为49 d。试验期间,计算每天饮奶量及开食料采食量,并对犊牛新鲜粪便或肛门处残存粪便进行评分,同时记录犊牛的初始体重和最终体重,测定体尺指标。试验第28,49天颈静脉采血,测定血液生化指标及激素指标。结果表明:除试验第8~14,36~42天外,弹拨组的饮奶量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);弦乐组在第1~7,22~28,43~49天时饮奶量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。除试验第1~7,22~28天,弹拨组的开食料采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),弦乐组在第8~14,15~21,29~35,43~49天时开食料采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。弦乐组与弹拨组的体重和胸围增加量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),弹拨组的体高增加量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组粪便评分在第1~7,8~14,15~21,22~28天均显著高于弹拨组(P<0.05),在第1~7,15~21,22~28天时对照组粪便评分显著高于弦乐组(P<0.05)。第28天时,弦乐组总蛋白和球蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),对照组血液中葡萄糖含量显著低于弦乐组及弹拨组(P<0.05),对照组血液中皮质醇含量显著高于弹拨组(P<0.05);试验第49天时,弹拨组及弦乐组葡萄糖含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),弦乐组总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),音乐组皮质醇含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其他血液生化指标均差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明播放适宜的乐曲能促进犊牛生长,提高免疫水平,且以弦乐及弹拨乐效果较好。

In order to explore the effects of different playing forms of music on the growth performance and blood biochemical indexes of calves, 32 female calves with similar body weight and good health at the age of 7 days were randomly divided into control group(no music playing), wind group, string group and plucking group with 8 replicates in per group. The experiment lasted for 49 days. During the test, the milk addition and remaining milk volume of calves were measured every day;the daily milk consumption was calculated, and the fresh feces or residual feces of calves were scored. At the same time, the initial weight and final weight of calves were recorded and the growth volume was calculated. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein on the 28th and 49th days of the experiment, and blood biochemical indexes and hormone indexes were measured. The results showed that except days 8 to 14 and 36 to 42 of the experiment, the milk intake of the plucking group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). The milk intake of the string group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 1-7 d, 22-28 d and 43-49 d(P<0.05). Except for the 1 st to 7 th, 22 nd to 28 th days of the test, the intake of open feed in the piano group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The feed intake of the violin music group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the 8-14 d, 15-21 d, 29-35 d and 43-49 d(P<0.05). The body weight gain and chest circumference increase of string group and plucking group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). The body height of the plucking group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). The fecal scores of the control group were significantly higher than those of the plucking group at 1-7 d, 8-14 d, 15-21 d and 22-28 d(P<0.05). The fecal score of the control group was significantly higher than that of the string group at 1-7 d, 15-21 d and 22-28 d(P<0.05). In terms of blood indicators, on the 28th day, the total protein(TP) and globulin(GLB) of the string group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);the content of glucose(Glu) in the blood of the control group was significantly lower than that of the string group and the plucking group(P<0.05), and the blood cortisol(COR) of the control group was significantly higher than that of the plucking group(P<0.05). On the 49th day of the experiment, the Glu content of plucking group and string group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the total CHOL of the strin group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the COR of the three music groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P>0.05), and there was no significant difference in other blood biochemical indexes. The results indicated that suitable music could promote the growth of calves and improve the immune level, and the effect of string music and strumming music was better.