链球菌的危害及天然化合物抗链球菌作用的研究进展

Research progress on the harm of Streptococcus and the anti-Streptococcus effects of natural compounds

链球菌种类众多,对人类危害严重的三种链球菌为肺炎链球菌、变异链球菌与猪链球菌。目前,肺炎链球菌是导致儿童、老人死亡的重要病原菌,变异链球菌是龋齿的主要病因,而猪链球菌是人畜共患病原菌,上述三种链球菌对畜牧业和人类健康造成重大危害。然而,随着抗生素的不合理使用,这三种链球菌的耐药性逐年升高。天然化合物有毒副作用较小、不易产生耐药性的特点,是开发抗链球菌药物的重要资源宝库。文章综述了不同种类天然化合物(茶多酚类、生物碱类、黄酮类、抗菌肽类、精油类等)抗链球菌的作用(结合溶血素、作用于ATP酶、抑制拓扑异构酶、影响细菌生长分裂等),以期为研发抗链球菌的天然化合物提供参考。

Streptococcus exists widely in nature and has many species, the three most harmful species are Streptococcus pneumonia,Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus suis. At present, Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of death in children and the elderly, Streptococcus mutans is the leading cause of dental caries in humans, and Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen.These three kinds of Streptococcus cause great harm to animal husbandry and human health. However, with the abuse of antibiotics, the resistance of these three Streptococcus strains increases year by year. Natural compounds have less toxic and side effects, and are not easy to produce drug resistance, which is an important treasure house of resource for the development of anti-streptococcal drugs.This paper reviewed the anti-streptococcal effects(binding hemolysin, acting on ATPase, inhibiting topoisomerase, affecting bacterial growth and division, etc.) of different natural compounds(tea polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, antibacterial peptides, essential oils, etc.), in order to provide material reference for the development of natural compounds against Streptococcus.