大熊猫国家公园岷山片区生态网络构建与优化

Construction and optimization of ecological network in Minshan Area of Giant Panda National Park

大熊猫国家公园岷山片区是局域种群数、大熊猫数最多的片区,构建生态网络是保护片区生态环境、助力片区建设的重要技术手段。基于生态系统服务价值及连通性计算,选定生态源地,通过最小阻力模型构建阻力面,构建生态廊道和节点,对由源地、廊道、节点构成的生态网络进行评价,并提出合理的优化建议。结果表明:研究区构建的网络中,生态源地空间分布不均,呈现中部、东部多,北部少,南部无的格局;生态廊道和节点主要分布在北部及中部,平武县境内最为密集;生态网络连通性低,构建成本耗费高,但生态廊道的连通性和生态节点的连接率高;优化后的生态网络各项指标除成本耗费居高不下外,其余指标均有提高。大熊猫国家公园岷山片区生态网络的构建与优化,可为大熊猫国家公园岷山片区生态网络建设和生态保护提供科学依据。

Minshan area of Giant Panda National Park has the largest number of local population and Giant Pandas.The construction of ecological network is an important technical means to protect the ecological environment and help the construction of the area.Based on the calculation of ecosystem service value and connectivity,the ecological source area is selected,the resistance surface is constructed through the minimum resistance model,and the ecological corridor and node are constructed.The ecological network composed of source area,corridor and node is evaluated,and reasonable optimization suggestions are put forward.The results show that the spatial distribution of ecological sources in the network constructed in the study area is uneven,showing a pattern of more in the north,middle and east,and no in the south;Ecological corridors and nodes are mainly distributed in the north and middle,and the most dense in Pingwu County.The connectivity of ecological network is low and the construction cost is high,but the connectivity of ecological corridor and the connection rate of ecological nodes are high;The optimized ecological network indicators are as follows:In addition to the high cost,other indicators have been improved.The construction and optimization of ecological network in Minshan area of Giant Panda National Park can provide scientific basis for the construction and ecological protection of Minshan area of Giant Panda National Park.