慢性咳嗽少见病因的诊治现状和进展

Diagnosis and treatment status and progress of uncommon causes of chronic cough

目的 慢性咳嗽作为一常见疾病和临床症状,患病率高达10%,呼吸门诊可达1/3以上,严重降低患者的工作生活质量。目前临床上关于慢性咳嗽的常见病因如咳嗽变异性哮喘、胃食管反流病等探讨总结较多,却缺乏对少见病因的系统总结。本文从慢性咳嗽少见病因的分类、机制、辅助检查、诊断及治疗多个方面总结分析近年来的诊治现状和进展,这对提升慢性咳嗽少见病因的认知、降低相关疾病的误诊误治具有重要意义。

As a common disease and clinical symptom, chronic cough has an incidence rate of up to 10% in the community and more than 1/3 in respiratory outpatient clinics, which seriously reduces the quality of work and life of patients. At present, there are many clinical discussions on common causes of chronic cough, such as cough variant asthma(CVA) and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD), but a systematic review of uncommon causes is lacking. This article summarizes and analyzes the status and progress of uncommon causes of chronic cough in recent years from the classification, mechanism, auxiliary examination, diagnosis and treatment, which is of great significance for improving the cognition of the uncommon causes of chronic cough and reducing the misdiagnosis and mistreatment of related diseases.