多孔液体的设计合成与应用研究进展

Advances in the design,synthesis and application of porous liquids

多孔液体是结合了固-液两相优势的具有稳定永久空腔结构及流动性的新型材料,具有优异的物理化学特性和广阔的应用前景。本文回顾了多孔液体的研究和发展历程,重点总结了各种不同类型多孔液体的设计合成、物性表征和机理模拟计算方面的研究进展,详细分析了多孔液体的形成和作用机理,介绍了多孔液体在气体分离、手性诱导、萃取分离及催化等方面的应用及进展。最后,对多孔液体的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Porous liquid is a new material with stable permanent cavity structure and fluidity that combines the advantages of solid-liquid two-phase,with excellent physical and chemical properties and broad application prospects.This paper reviews the research and development history of porous liquids,highlights the research advances in the design synthesis,physical characterization and mechanism simulation calculation of various types of porous liquids,analyzes the formation and mechanism of action of porous liquids,and introduces in detail the applications and progress of porous liquids in gas separation,chiralityinduction,extraction separation and catalysis.Finally,the future development direction of porous liquids is prospected.