中国富硒茶的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Existing Problems of Selenium Enriched Tea

硒是人体必需微量元素,硒的缺乏会影响硒蛋白的表达,降低免疫力,在中国部分地区饮食中硒摄入量极低的情况下甚至会引起克山病。富硒地区的茶叶能够提供安全耐贮的有机硒资源,但在富硒茶加工和消费过程中存在含硒组分化学形式不明确、含量不稳定、溶出率低等问题,影响了富硒茶的标准化生产。本文综述了茶叶中硒的吸收积累、种类、含量以及加工对硒的影响,以期将茶叶中硒的种类和含量控制在安全有效范围内提供理论参考。通过制茶工艺改善、研发功能性富硒茶饮料以及茶食品,提高富硒茶中功效成分的溶出率和利用率,为富硒茶产业健康安全发展提供理论指导。

Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body.The lack of selenium will affect the expression of selenoprotein and reduce immunity.In some areas of China,insufficient intake of selenium may cause Keshan disease.Tea in selenium rich areas can serve as a highly bio-available and safe selenium source,but there are some problems associated with the processing and consumption of selenium enriched tea,such as unstable selenium content,unclear species and low bio-accessibility,which affect the standardized production and nutritional guarantee.This paper summarizes the absorption,accumulation,species and content as well as the influence of processing on selenium in tea,so as to provide theoretical reference for the standardized operation of selenium enriched tea processing.Using new extraction,drying and biological fermentation technology,the research and development of functional tea drinks and tea food can improve the dissolution and utilization of functional components in selenium enriched tea,systematically determine the chemical forms,change the pattern of selenium components in tea,and provide theoretical guidance for the healthy and safe development of selenium enriched tea.