‘川沐28’等4个茶树品种引种川南茶区生化特性及绿茶适制性分析

Analysis of Biochemical Components and Study on Green Tea Suitability of 4 Tea Varieties Introduced into South Sichuan Tea Region,Including Chuanmu 28

为研究‘川沐28’等4个大叶类茶树品种引种川南茶区的适应性,以‘福鼎大白茶’为对照,分别对4个品种进行新梢观测、主要生化成分测定及春季绿茶茶样审评。结果表明,各供试品种单芽、一芽二叶、一芽三叶长度和百芽重均显著高于对照‘福鼎大白茶’,生化成分检测结果显示水浸出物、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、茶多酚和儿茶素总量的含量范围分别为36.30%~46.88%、3.17%~5.00%、3.52%~4.23%、15.40%~24.21%和14.14%~16.54%,春夏梢的酚氨比均低于8,适宜制作绿茶。茶样感官审评结果显示,4个供试品种所制芽型名茶、毛峰茶的感官品质得分均低于对照‘福鼎大白茶’,但‘川沐28’烘青绿茶得分高于对照和其它3个品种,香气、滋味具品种优势,综合品质佳;‘川茶5号’品质得分略低于对照,其香气、滋味接近对照,综合品质尚佳。4个品种可作为生产绿茶的搭配品种在川南地区适当推广种植,以丰富川南茶区茶树品种,同时加强品种配套栽培和加工技术的研推以实现良种良法和高产优质。

To study the adaptability of imported varieties in south Sichuan tea region.Fuding White tea as the control,the new shoot observation,main biochemical composition determination and tea sample evaluation of spring shoot green tea were carried out on four big-leaf tea varieties'Chuanmu 28'introduced from west and north Sichuan tea regions in Yibin City,south Sichuan tea region.The results showed that the length and 100-bud weight of single bud,two leaves of one bud,three leaves of one bud of each tested variety were significantly higher than that of control Fuding.The results of biochemical composition showed that the content of water extract,free amino acid,caffeine,tea polyphenols and catechins ranged from 36.30%46.88%、3.17%~5.00%、3.52%~4.23%、15.40%~24.21%、14.14%~16.54%.The ratio of phenol to ammonia in spring and summer shoots was lower than 10,which was suitable for making green tea.Tea samples,according to the results of sensory evaluation of 4 varieties tested bud tea,have the sensory quality of scores were lower than fuding,but'chuanmu 28'baked green tea score was higher than the contrast and other three varieties,and its aroma and flavor have the unique advantage of varieties,its comprehensive quality is good.Quality score of'Chuancha No5'is slightly lower than control,but its aroma and taste are close to control.The four varieties can be used as the matching varieties for the production of green tea,and should be properly promoted and planted in the south of Sichuan to enrich the varieties of tea trees in the south of Sichuan,but it is necessary to strengthen the research and development of supporting cultivation and processing technology of varieties,so as to achieve good varieties and good methods,high yield and high quality.