关于岭南文化的整体性认知——《岭南文化辞典》编纂的若干思考

The Overall Cognition of South of the Five Ridges Culture--Some Thoughts on the Compilation of South of the Five Ridges Cultural Dictionary

岭南文化是绚丽多彩的中华文化的重要组成部分。从词源的角度来考察,岭南大致有日常语言、自然地理、建置区划、文化认同四个层面的含义。在文化认同的层面,明清以来存在用岭南专指广东的文化现象。“岭南文化”一词古已有之。从文化学理论的层面来审视,岭南文化研究大致包含了地域文化和文化类型两种研究视角。岭南文化是岭南人民在改造自然、社会和人自身的实践基础上产生和形成的生产方式、生活形态以及创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和;具有原生文化、边缘文化、商贸文化、移民文化、贬谪文化、华侨文化等特质;是长期历史发展进程中形成的一种要素齐全、结构完整、层次丰富、特色鲜明、高度成熟的区域文化类型;总体特征表现为商贸文化基础之上的世俗主义、功利主义、实用主义;文化性格表现为具有较强的开拓性、开放性、包容性、创新性、变通性、务实性、适应性,其中最基本的特性是务实性。岭南文化发展史上三次大的文化冲突与融合,推动了岭南文化的转型发展,创造了文化发展的高峰,为中华文化增添了新的光彩。在新时代以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的征程中,岭南文化将进一步丰富自身内涵,铸就新的辉煌。

South of the Five Ridges culture is an important part of the bright and colorful Chinese culture.From the perspective of etymology,south of the Five Ridges culture has four meanings:daily language,physical geography,administrative division and organizational system,cultural identity.In terms of cultural identity,there has been a cultural phenomenon that south of the Five Ridges equates Guangdong since the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The term“south of the Five Ridges culture”has existed in ancient times.From the perspective of culturology,the study of south of the Five Ridges culture roughly includes two research perspectives:regional culture and cultural types.South of the Five Ridges culture is the sum of production mode,biomorphous and material and spiritual wealth created by south of the Five Ridges people on the basis of the practice of transforming nature,society and people themselves.It has the characteristics of native culture,marginal culture,trade and business culture,emigration culture,relegation culture,overseas Chinese culture,etc.It is a regional cultural form with complete elements,complete structure,rich levels,distinctive characteristics and high maturity formed in the course of long-term historical development.Its general characteristics are secularism,utilitarianism and pragmatism on the basis of trade and business culture.The cultural character is characterized by strong pioneering,openness,inclusiveness,innovation,flexibility,practicality and adaptability,among which the most basic characteristic is practicality.The three cultural conflicts and hybrid extensively in the history of south of the Five Ridges culture promoted the transformation and development of south of the Five Ridges culture,created the peak of cultural development,and added a new luster to Chinese culture.In the new era to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization in an all-round way,south of the Five Ridges culture will further enrich its own connotation and create new brilliance.