全过程人民民主的生成逻辑、独特优势与形态学超越

The Generative Logic, Unique Advantages and Morphological Transcendence of the Whole Process of People ’ s Democracy

全过程人民民主是对中国共产党领导的中国式民主的集中化概括,既表现为实现人民根本利益的民主价值理想,又体现为保证人民当家作主的民主制度体系。全过程人民民主遵循了马克思主义民主理论的基本原则,形成于中国共产党领导人民不懈追求民主的百年探索,具有鲜明的理论逻辑和深刻的实践逻辑。中国共产党领导、人民当家作主、依法治国是全过程人民民主的本体性特征,民主运行环节的全链条、民主表现形式的全方位、民主内涵领域的全覆盖是全过程人民民主的结构性特征,民主参与主体和意志利益代表的广泛性、人民当家作主和实现人民利益的真实性、社会有效治理和国家长治久安的管用性是全过程人民民主的功能性特征,三者共同塑造了中国式民主的独特理论优势、制度优势和治理优势。全过程人民民主内蕴着实质民主与形式民主、价值民主与制度民主、直接民主与间接民主、选举民主与协商民主、精英民主与大众民主、普遍民主与类型民主、象征民主与治理民主的辩证统一,创造了人类政治文明新形态,破除了把民主定于一尊的思维定势,实现了对中国古代传统民本政治的“施舍型民主”和西方资本主义民主模式的“虚假型民主”的形态学超越,为人类民主进步事业贡献了中国智慧和中国方案,在人类民主发展史上具有十分重要的标杆性意义。

The whole-process people’s democracy is a centralized generalization of Chinese democracy under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.It is not only reflected as the democratic value ideal of realizing the fundamental interests of the people,but also embodied as the democratic system of ensuring that the people are masters of the country.?The whole-process people’s democracy follows the basic principles of the Marxist theory of democracy,and is formed in the century-old quest for democracy under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,which has distinct theoretical logic and profound practical logic.?The leadership of the Communist Party of China,the running of the country by the people,and the rule of law are the ontological features of the whole process of people’s democracy.The whole chain of democratic operation,the all-round forms of democratic expression,and the full coverage of the connotation of democracy are the structural features of the whole process of people’s democracy.The universality of the democratic participants and representatives of the will and interests,the authenticity of the people’s position as masters of the country and the realization of the people’s interests,and the effectiveness of effective social governance and long-term stability of the country are the functional features of the whole process of people’s democracy.The three aspects have shaped the unique theoretical,institutional and governance advantages of Chinese-style democracy.?The whole-process people’s democracy contains the dialectical unity of substantive democracy and formal democracy,value democracy and institutional democracy,direct democracy and indirect democracy,electoral democracy and deliberative democracy,elite democracy and mass democracy,universal democracy and type democracy,and symbolic democracy and governance democracy.It has created a new form of human political civilization and broken the mindset that democracy should be fixed in one respect.?It has realized the morphological transcendence of the“alms democracy”of ancient Chinese traditional people-oriented politics and the“false democracy”of western capitalist democratic mode,and contributed Chinese wisdom and Chinese approach to the cause of human democracy progress,which has a very important benchmarking significance in the history of human democracy.