区域治理竞赛是否提质发展:5A景区评比与城市绿色生产率

Whether Regional Campaign-Style Governance Improves the Quality of Development:5A Tourist Attractions Campaign and GTFP

治理竞赛是与增长锦标赛相似的中国区域治理模式,在景区治理方面尤显。借助旅游景区评比的准自然实验,以5A景区与地级及以上城市数据构成的数据集为基础,用双重差分模型估计了5A景区评比对城市绿色生产率的影响,发现5A景区评比提高了城市绿色生产率,提质发展效应明显;直接机制是5A景区评比可提高城市环境规制强度、生态资本存量和绿色创新能力,间接机制是5A景区评比可优化产业结构和调整能源结构;异质性分析发现,5A景区评比对处于非两控区城市的发展提质效应更强,而且自然类景区和远离核心区的景区对所在城市的发展提质效应亦更强;同时5A景区评比政策具有空间正溢出特征,可有效降低100和200km内周边城市的污染排放和能耗。

Campaign-style governance is similar to the promotion tournament in China's regional governance model,especially in scenic governance.With the help of a quasi-natural experiment of the tourist attractions campaign,based on the data set composed of 284 prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2018,this paper applies difference-in-differences(DID)method to evaluate the effects of 5A tourist attractions on the urban green total factor productivity(GTFP).The results show that the campaign of 5A tourist attractions improves the GTFP significantly.And the main mechanism is that the 5A tourist attractions campaign can improve the intensity of environmental regulation directly,increase ecological capital and improve green innovation ability,while promoting local industrial upgrading and adjusting the energy structure are the indirect mechanisms.The heterogeneity analysis shows that the improvement effect of the 5A tourist attractions campaign on the quality of development is stronger for“non-two control zones”,and the natural 5A tourist attractions and those far from city center have stronger improvement effect on the located cities.Meanwhile,the 5A tourist attractions campaign policy has spatial externalities,which can reduce the pollution emission and energy consumption of surrounding cities within 100 and 200km effectively.