铁路货车运用中常见制动故障原因分析及对策

Cause Analysis and Countermeasures of Common Braking Failures in Operation of Railway Freight Cars

铁路货车抱闸故障是由于制动机故障、手制动机不缓解等原因造成的制动缓解不良、闸瓦不能与车轮踏面分离。在货物列车运行速度不断提高的形势下,因列车中车辆制动系统故障引起的抱闸问题已成为影响铁路货车正常行驶的主要因素。货物列车编组辆数较多,制动惯性较大,运行不同地区存在环境温差,加之制动系统在造修方面缺陷等多种不利因素导致抱闸故障出现。不仅对货物列车的运行安全造成影响,还会干扰铁路系统运输秩序。因此,通过分析货物列车抱闸的原因并提出相应的措施,为确保货物列车的正常运行提供有力保障,具有必要的现实意义。本文结合现场调查制动故障的工作实际,针对铁路货车在运用中发生的制动故障进行了原因分析,并提出了相应的防范措施和建议。

The brake binding fault of railway freight cars is due to poor brake relief,brake block shoe not separating from the wheel tread caused by brake failure and non-relief of hand brakes.Under the background of the continuous improvement of the running speed of railway freight cars,the problem of braking binding caused by the failure of the vehicle braking system of the train has become the main factor affecting the normal operation of railway freight cars.There are many unfavorable factors that lead to brake binding failure,including the large number of freight cars in the train,high brake inertia,the existence of environmental temperature differences in different areas of operation,as well as brake system defects in manufacturing and repair.These failures not only have adverse effects on the operational safety of railway freight cars,but also interfere with the transportation order of the railroad system.Therefore,analyzing the causes of brake binding of railway freight cars and studying the corresponding measures can provide a strong guarantee for ensuring the normal operation of freight trains,which has the necessary practical significance.Combined with the actual work of the field investigation of brake failure,this paper analyzes the causes of brake failure occurring in the operation of railway freight cars,and puts forward the corresponding preventive measures and suggestions.