高速动压式胀圈密封温升变形及试验研究

Analysis of Temperature Rise Deformation and nalysis Experimental Study of High-speed Hydrodynamic Expansion Ring Seal

针对高速旋转机械的高转速、低磨损和长寿命的要求,研制出非接触且磨损小的动压式胀圈密封,但是当密封设计不当时,密封环变形会严重影响其密封性能和稳定性,因此,本文针对动压式胀圈密封结构参数对温升、变形的影响展开分析。利用有限元分析软件建立流固热耦合分析模型,通过数值模拟和试验相结合的方法分析胀圈动静环主要结构参数对密封环温升、变形的影响规律,基于响应面法对密封进行多参数结构优化。研制出动压式胀圈密封的试验样机及试验系统,并进行实际运转试验。结果发现,动压式胀圈密封可大幅降低密封温升和摩擦磨损,从而提高其密封性能和稳定性;减小螺旋角、选择合适的槽坝比可降低密封环的温度峰值和变形峰值;减小轴向厚度可降低密封环端面温度和变形,减弱端面温度分布和变形分布不均的程度;增大压差可降低切口间隙端面的最大变形和变形不均的程度,增加转速可降低主密封面变形峰值。研究结果为解决旋转设备轴承腔的高速密封难题提供了新思路和新方法,为动压式胀圈密封的结构设计提供参考,并促进其性能提升和工程应用。

A non-contact,low wear dynamic pressure expansion ring seal is developed for the requirements of high speed rotating,low wear and long life of high-speed rotating machinery.However the deformation of the seal ring will seriously affect the performance and stability of sealing in the case of unreasonable design.In this paper,the finite element analysis software is used to establish the fluid solid thermal coupling analysis model.The influence of the main structural parameters of the dynamic and static ring of the expansion ring on the temperature rise and deformation of the seal ring is analyzed through the combination of numerical simulation and experiment.The multi-parameter structural optimization of the seal is carried out based on the response surface method.The test prototype and experiment system of dynamic pressure expansion ring seal are developed,and the actual operation test is carried out.The results show that the dynamic pressure type expansion ring seal can greatly reduce the seal temperature rise and friction wear which improve its sealing performance and stability.The temperature peak value and deformation peak value of the seal ring can be reduced by reducing the spiral angle and selecting the appropriate groove dam ratio.Reducing the axial thickness can reduce the temperature and deformation of the seal ring end face,and weaken the uneven distribution of the temperature and deformation of the end face.Increasing the pressure difference can reduce the maximum deformation and uneven deformation of the end face of the notch clearance,increasing the rotating speed can reduce the peak deformation of the main sealing surface.The research results in this paper provide new ideas and methods to solve the high-speed sealing problem of bearing cavity of rotating equipment,provide reference for the structural design of dynamic pressure expansion ring seal and promoting its performance improvement and engineering application.