如何开展智慧教育:以诚信教育为例

How to Carry out Intelligent Education:The Example of Integrity Education

德才一体方是智慧,诚信是智慧中德的成分之一。消除诚信中存在的“人严我松”和“欺软怕硬”两种怪象,正确看待诚信和谎言,鼓励人们注重诚信,减少撒谎的行为,提高防骗技巧,降低上当受骗的概率,这是诚信教育和智慧教育应面对的一组主题。诚信包括诚实和守信两方面:诚实是指个体按自己内心的真实想法去行动,守信是指个体努力兑现自己对他人的承诺。在道德谱系中,守信低于仁义,故通常不能背信弃义,不过,一旦守信与守仁义发生冲突,须背信保仁义。谎言是指说谎者隐瞒了部分或全部事实、夸大或缩小部分事实甚至以无中生有的方式来表述的言语。谎言有不同类型,视谎言为洪水猛兽的态度是片面的,宜辩证看待。各类骗术均是围绕“贪”“怯”“盲”“善”四字进行的,防骗的关键措施依次是戒贪、去怯、扫盲和慎善。

Integrity is one of the components of virtue in wisdom.To eliminate the strange images of“people are strict and I am loose”and“bullying is soft”in integrity,view integrity and lies correctly,encourage people to pay attention to integrity,reduce lying behavior,improve fraud prevention skills,and reduce the probability of being cheated,are a set of topics that integrity education and wisdom education should face.Integrity includes both honesty and trustworthiness:honesty means that an individual acts according to what is true in his or her heart,and trustworthiness means that an individual strives to keep the promises he or she makes to others.In the moral spectrum,keeping one’s word is lower than benevolence,so one cannot usually renege on one’s word.However,once keeping one’s word conflicts with keeping benevolence,one must renege to protect benevolence.A lie is a statement in which the liar conceals part or all of the truth,exaggerates or reduces part of the truth,or even presents it in a way that creates something out of nothing.There are different types of lies,and the attitude of seeing lies as a flood of beasts is one-sided and should be viewed dialectically.All kinds of deceptions revolve around the words“greed”,“timidity”,“blindness”and“goodness”,therefore,the key measures to prevent deceptions are abstaining from greed,fear,literacy and prudent goodness.