建议行为不同句法选择的社会规范性研究

The Social Normativity of the Syntactic Choices of Advice

本文以由问题触发的建议为研究对象,以会话分析为研究方法,探讨了建议行为的不同句法选择背后的交际动因。语料分析发现,在此序列环境中的建议行为的句法选择与建议方对建议解决交际对方遇到的问题的把握度有关。祈使句展示了建议方对建议能够解决被建议方的问题具有最高的把握度,疑问句展示了建议方对建议被执行的前提是否存在不确定,而陈述句则展示了建议方对被建议方是否有能力或意愿执行建议的行为缺少把握。本研究为建议行为的不同句法选择的内在动因提供了新的解释,也为研究言语行为不同句法选择的制约条件提供了新的视角。

This study takes problemtriggered advice as the research object and conversation analysis as the research method to explore the interactional motivation behind different syntactic choices of advice.The data analyses find that the syntactic choice of the advice in this sequential environment is related to the certainty of the advice to solve the problems encountered by the other party.The advicegiver is more likely to use imperatives when s/he is certain that his/her advice can solve the problem;otherwise,interrogatives would be employed if the advicegiver lacks the information about the presupposition of the advice.Declaratives are chosen when the advicegiver is not certain about whether the advicereceiver has the ability or willingness to do the advised action.This study provides not only a new interpretation of the endogenous motivation of different syntactic choices of advice,but also a new perspective for studying the constraints of the syntactic choices of speech acts.