从《马槽里的狗》谈西班牙黄金时代戏剧的英译与中译——戴维·约翰斯顿教授访谈

English and Chinese Translations of a Representative Play of Spanish Golden Age Theater The Dog in the Manger:An Interview with Prof.David Johnston

戏剧舞台翻译与戏剧文本翻译有极大的不同,如何使古典戏剧常演常新,并在不同文化背景的舞台上成功演出,是始终困扰着戏剧导演、编剧、译者、演员的重要问题。在与西班牙黄金时代代表性戏剧《马槽里的狗》英译者戴维·约翰斯顿教授的访谈中,他对译入语文化接受、节奏韵律双关习语的转换方式、剧场中的主体性、戏剧体裁、不同文化背景中的舞台表演等内容发表了看法。他指出,剧场中的一切都应以观众的接受为主,表演性始终应该被放在首位,从而达到戏剧与观众交流的目的,实现戏剧影响人性、启迪人生的社会功用,完成观众赋予戏剧的第二次生命。

There are great differences between theatre translation for performance and that for text.It is an important question to directors,playwrights,translators,and actors about how to perform classical drama on the modern stage creatively and how to perform foreign drama with different cultural backgrounds successfully.In the interview with Prof.David Johnston who translated the representative play of Spanish Golden Age Theatre The Dog in the Manger,he expressed his opinions on the cultural reception in the target language,the translation methods of rhythm,rhyme,pun,and idiom,the subjectivity in the theatre,drama genre,stage performance in different cultural backgrounds and so on.And then he pointed out that everything in the theatre should be based on the audience reception,and performability should always be the priority.By doing so,the theatre could communicate with the audience,realizing its social function of exerting impact on human nature and life,so as to create a second life to the play.