图式与图义——保安山西汉墓出土“树下人物”图像释义

Schema and Image Meaning:An Interpretation of the Images with Figures under Trees Unearthed from a Western Han Tomb in Bao’an Mountain

图式既是图像构成的一种形式,也是识别、制作图像的一种观念和方法。根据已知图式的相关信息,可以对相同图式未知主题内容的图像确定基本的图义。对汉末三国铜镜、画像石等不同媒介上的“树下人物”图像的考察可以确证,具有同一图式的保安山西汉墓出土“树下人物”牌饰的主题内容表现的是“尧舜禅让”的故事。

Schema is not only a form of image composition,but also a concept and method of recognizing and creating images.Based on the relevant information of the identified schema,the basic image meaning can be determined for images with unknown subject if they have the same schema with the identified ones.By investigating the images with figures under trees that have the same schema on different media,such as,on the bronze mirrors and stone reliefs in the late Han Dynasty and the period of Three Kingdoms,it can be confirmed that the theme of the plates with “figures under trees” unearthed from the Western Han Tomb in Bao'an Mountain,is about the story of Yao-Shun-shanrang(Emperor Yao's Abdication to Emperor Shun).