拉祜族葫芦笙舞曲的时空场域与音乐形态特征——以澜沧拉祜纳葫芦笙舞曲为例

Spatio-temporal Field and Morphological Characteristics of Hulusheng Musical Dance of Lahu Nationality:Na Group’s Hulusheng Musical Dance of Lahu Nationality in Lancang Area

拉祜族葫芦笙舞是澜沧拉祜族最重要的民间音乐形式。拉祜族葫芦笙舞目前存在三种场域:民间、舞台、市场。传统的葫芦笙舞曲大致分为两类,一类用于集体性较强的节庆场合,一类则用于带有较强隐私性的相亲场合。民间场域中的葫芦笙舞曲音乐,虽篇幅大大增加,但旋律和节奏更多是为了配合舞蹈动作,无论是调性还是织体上,都更接近传统的模式特征;舞台场域中的葫芦笙舞曲则在曲式结构、人员构成、表演程序等方面更加规整,为了追求舞台效果,加入更多戏剧化元素,程式性更强;市场上音像制品中的葫芦笙舞曲则不仅在曲式结构和乐句构成上更加方正,还更多地吸收了跨文化的音乐元素,在发展中不断运用新的科技手段,制造出更符合当代听众审美的旋律和织体。

Hulusheng musical dance is the most important folk music form of Lahu people in Lancang area.The Hulusheng dance of the Lahu nationality now has three fields:folk,stage and market.The traditional Hulusheng dance music can be roughly divided into two categories:one is used for more collective festivals,and the other is used for blind dates with strong privacy.Although the length of Hulusheng dance music in the folk field has been greatly increased,the melody and rhythm are more to match the dance movements,and are closer to the traditional characteristics in terms of tonality and texture.Hulusheng dance music in the arena is more fixed in terms of musical structure,personnel composition,and performance procedures.In order to pursue the stage effect,more dramatic elements are added,which is more stylized.And Hulusheng dance music in audiovisual products on the market is not only more regular in musical structure and lyrical composition,but also absorbs more cross-cultural music elements,and constantly employs new scientific and technological means to create melodies and textures that are more in line with the aesthetics of contemporary audiences.