燕园华表考略

A Study of the Ornamental Columns in Yanyuan

燕园华表是圆明园安佑宫遗物。安佑宫原有四根华表,燕京大学于1925年拉运三根到燕园,直至1931年才将其中两根竖立于燕园办公楼前。该文利用档案、历史照片、三维数据等一手资料梳理了燕园华表的迁建历程,考证了华表迁建的时间节点、原构件数量、原构组合等史实,探讨了燕园华表的拉运背景、搁置原因、保管权争取等问题,认识到:燕大拉运安佑宫华表时和华表所有者(逊清)之间不存在购买协议,遭到了北洋政府的阻拦,第四根华表被运到了天安门;燕大于国立北平图书馆新馆建成之际,转交一根华表给国立北平图书馆,以此获得了市政府对其华表保管权的认可;燕园华表和国图华表分别是安佑宫前牌楼南侧的一对华表和北侧的一对华表,组合一致,并非错配。

Ornamental columns in Yanyuan are rel⁃ics from Anyou Palace in the old Summer Palace.There were four ornamental columns in Anyou Pal⁃ace,three of them were moved to Yanyuan by Yench⁃ing University in 1925.Until 1931,two ornamental columns were erected in front of Administrative Building in Yanyuan.Based on primary data such as archives,historical photos,3D models,etc.the relo⁃cation process of the ornamental columns in Yanyu⁃an is sorted out.This paper discusses historical facts such as the time of move and erection about orna⁃mental columns,the number of ornamental col⁃umns’parts,the combination between ornamental columns,as well as other facts including the back⁃ground of moving,the reason of shelving,the efforts for striving for conservation and management right of the ornamental columns.Main conclusions are as fol⁃lows:there was no purchase agreement between Yenching University and the owner--theabdicated Qing emperor--of the ornamental columns in Anyou Palace,resulting a prevention from the Beiyang Government and the forth ornamental column was moved to Tiananmen.Yenching University secured a recognition of theconservation and management right of the ornamental columns from the local gov⁃ernment by transferring an ornamental column to Na⁃tional Peiping Library when National Peiping Library new library site construction completed.The combi⁃nations of ornamental columns in Yanyuan and Na⁃tional Library are not mixed,they are identical with the combinations of two south ornamental columns and two north ornamental columns around a memori⁃al archway in front of Anyou Palace.