论作为“实践观念”的当代中国新闻观

Journalism as a Concept of Practice in Contemporary China

作为实践观念的新闻观念,是指用来直接指导新闻实践活动,特别是新闻生产传播活动的“新闻”观念。在认定“新闻是对新闻事实的反映和呈现”这一唯物主义新闻观基础上,当代中国新闻实践观念特别强调的是“正面新闻(正面报道、正面宣传)”观念。与此同时,当代中国新闻实践观念始终重视“监督新闻”观念。当代中国新闻实践形成了正面新闻为主与舆论监督相统一的总体新闻实践观念,并构建起了表征这一总体实践观念的新闻概念体系。这样的新闻观念体系,成为构建当代中国新闻学自主知识体系的重要基础。

As a kind of practical concept, concept of journalism means the journalistic concept that guides activities of journalism practice, especially the acitivities of journalism and communication. On the basis of materialistic journalistic concept "Journalism is the reflection and presentation of newsworthy facts", Contemporary Chinese journalistic practice particularly emphasizes the concept of "positive journalism( positive report, positive propaganda)". In the specific practice of positive news, "typical journalism" "experience journalism" and "achievement journalism" are mainly concerned. Meanwhile, contemporary Chinese journalistic practical concept always attaches the importance of the concept of "supervising journalism(the supervision by public opinion, critical journalism, exposed journalism)", which can be called supervisory journalism or negative news as the counterpart of "positive news". Contemporary Chinese journalistic practice has formed the overall the practical journalistic concept of "positive news" and "public opinion supervision", and has constructed a journalistic concept system that represents this overall practical concept. In terms of academic research, concept system of "journalism", which reflects the overall journalistic concept of contemporary Chinese journalistical practice, shows the independent understanding of "journalism" in contemporary Chinese journalism. Such journalistic concept system becomes important basic of constructing the independent knowledge system of contemporary Chinese journalism. Such concept system also needs to be further improved.