搠力蛮部探马军之变迁:从帝国边军到汗国军阀

The changes of the Tamma Troop of Chormaqan:from the frontier army of the Empire to the warlord of the Khanate

搠力蛮部探马军,是13世纪30年代蒙古派出西征并镇戍边境的军队。在搠力蛮、拜住的相继率领下,到13世纪50年代,这支军队盘踞外高加索地区,有了半独立倾向。伊利汗国建立后,为加强中央统治,不得不剪除这一军事、政治障碍。拉施特在《史集·部族志·雪泥部》中插叙了搠力蛮部探马军在伊利汗国时期的变迁,揭示了历代伊利汗通过各种手段,制约并削弱该部的过程。从旭烈兀到合赞,伊利汗国逐步蚕食这一帝国早期遗产,最终将其剪除。

The Tamma Troop of Chormaqan was an army sent by Mongol to conquer the west and guard the border area during the 1330s. Under the successive leadership of Chormaqan and Baiju,by the 1350s,this army was entrenched in Transcaucasus and tended to be semi-independent. After the establishment of the īlkhānate,in order to strengthen the central rule,Ilkhanate had to eliminate this military and political obstacle. In the chapter "The S?nit Tribe" of Jāmi’al-Tavārīkh,Rasht narrated the changes of the Tamma Troop of Chormaqan during the period of īlkhānate,revealing the process of restricting and weakening the Tamma Troop by Ilkhanates in the past dynasties. The Tamma Troop and this early imperial legacy were gradually undermined and finally were wiped out during period from Hulegu to Ghazan of īlkhāns.