数据信托:可信的数据流通模式

Data trust:a trustworthy data transaction model

数据信托可被视作一种新型的、可信的数据流通模式。数据信托不仅是一种保障信息安全的组织结构,还是一种增进数据要素市场可信性的创新性制度设计。设计了一种数据信托的运行机制,探讨了该机制下数据信托的组织结构、特征、功能和监管方案。指出数据信托包含两个彼此独立的法律关系。数据信托最重要的特征是参与者之间的风险隔离,这正是数据信托作为可信的数据流通模式的基础。数据信托在数据价值链中可以发挥重要作用,具体表现为数据增值、数据代管和数据共有等。最后,基于“数据二十条”的制度指引,论证了数据信托的独特优势,并指出个人数据信托和公共数据信托是可行的实践路径。

Data trust is regarded as a new and credible data transaction model.Data trust is not only an organizational structure to guarantee information security,but also an innovative institutional design to enhance the trustworthiness of data factor market.A data trust operation mechanism was designed,and the organizational structure,characteristics,functions,and regulatory scheme of the data trust under this mechanism were discussed.That data trust contained two independent legal relationships were pointed out.Its most important feature was the risk segregation among participants,which was the basis of data trust as a credible data transaction model.Data trusts could play an important function in the data value chain,specifically in terms of data value addition,data escrow,and data commons.Finally,the unique advantages of data trust based on the institutional guidelines of“20 measures to build basic systems for data”were demonstrated,and that personal data trust and public data trust were feasible practical paths was pointd out.