新疆冰雹云研究综述

The Overview of Study on Hailstorm in Xinjiang

冰雹灾害是困扰新疆经济发展的主要因素,防雹减灾的关键在于对冰雹云的判识与预警。通过总结新疆1959—2021年的人工防雹发展历史、冰雹云的空间分布特点,冰雹云团的移动路径和冰雹发生的大气环流特征、雹云的微物理特征、气流结构以及气象卫星、雷达和闪电定位仪及数值模拟技术在冰雹云研究领域中的应用。对新疆冰雹云研究中存在的问题,提出相关对策与建议,为今后的研究提供依据和参考。

Hail disaster has always been the main bottleneck factor that plagues the economic development of Xinjiang,and the key to hail suppression and disaster reduction is how to identify and warn hail clouds.The author reviewed and summarized the development history of artificial hail suppression in Xinjiang in recent 62 years(1959-2021),the spatial distribution characteristics of hail clouds,the moving path of hail cloud clusters,the atmospheric circulation characteristics of hail occurrence,the microphysical characteristics of hail clouds,the air flow structure,and the application of meteorological satellites,radar and lightning locators and numerical simulation technology in the field of hail cloud research.Finally,some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for the problems existing in the research of hail clouds in Xinjiang,which would provide basis and reference for future research.