企业数字化具有绿色创新效应吗?——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

Does Enterprise Digitization Have Green Innovation Effect?——Empirical Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies

伴随着数字中国建设和绿色发展战略的持续推进,企业数字化能否推动绿色技术创新引发了学术界和实践界的广泛关注。基于我国沪深两市A股上市公司数据,考察了企业数字化对企业绿色技术创新的具体影响效应和内在作用机制。研究发现,企业数字化对绿色技术创新存在显著的促进效应;分维度检验结果表明,人工智能技术、大数据技术、云计算技术、区块链技术以及数字技术应用等均对企业绿色技术创新具有显著的推动作用,且在一系列稳健性和内生性检验后,研究结论依然成立。影响机制分析显示,企业数字化的绿色技术创新促进效应主要是通过提升企业社会责任表现、缓解融资约束以及加大研发投入等方式实现的。异质性分析表明,在国有企业、存在政治关联的企业以及市场化程度较高地区的企业中,企业数字化对绿色技术创新的促进效应更为明显。研究结果为数字化时代企业绿色技术创新提供了新的研究视角,也为企业实现数字化转型和绿色转型提供了经验启示。

Under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality,green technology innovation is an important driving force for enterprises to realize the transformation and upgrading of development mode and green sustainable development.At the same time,the digital economy has become a new driving force,new engine and new growth point for the stable development of China's economy.Therefore,enterprises need to accelerate the digital transformation,create the advantages of digital economy,promote the integration of digital and green technology innovation,and realize the synergy between the two to promote the sustained high-quality development of China's economy.With the continuous promotion of the digital economy development strategy and the green development strategy,whether the enterprise digitalization can promote the green technology innovation has aroused widespread concern in the academic and practical circles.In the context of the digital economy era,the use of digital technology by enterprises can help bring knowledge sharing effect,resource effect and governance effect for enterprises to carry out green technology innovation.However,the current research only considers the impact of big data technology on green technology innovation of enterprises from a single dimension,or only takes enterprises in specific regions or industries as the research object,which may lead to a bias of too narrow samples in the research conclusions.Moreover,the internal mechanism of enterprise digitalization on green technology innovation needs to be further explored.Based on this,this paper takes the data of China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2020 as a sample to study the specific effect and internal mechanism of enterprise digitalization on green technology innovation.The findings are as follow:firstly,enterprise digitalization has a significant promoting effect on enterprise green technology innovation,considering a series of endogenous and robust tests.Secondly,the results of the multidimensional test show that artificial intelligence technology,big data technology,cloud computing technology,blockchain technology and digital technology applications all play a significant role in promoting enterprise green technology innovation.Thirdly,the analysis of the impact mechanism shows that the promotion effect of enterprise digitalization on green technology innovation is mainly achieved by improving the performance of social responsibility,easing the degree of financing constraints and increasing investment in research and development.Finally,the heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of enterprise digitalization on enterprise green technology innovation is more obvious in state-owned enterprises,politically connected enterprises and enterprises in regions with high level of marketization.The marginal contribution of this paper is as follow:at the theoretical level,on the one hand,it enriches the research on the economic consequences of enterprise digitalization from the perspective of green technology innovation,and explores the internal mechanism of the two from the perspectives of corporate social responsibility,financing constraints,and R&D investment;On the other hand,this paper expands the research on the driving factors of green technology innovation from the perspective of enterprise digitalization.At the practical level,this paper provides a reference for enterprises to drive high-quality development through data and green technology elements under the new development stage and concept,and also provides empirical evidence support for the government to build a sound green technology innovation system.