张锡纯临床运用鲜药探析

Discussion on the clinical application of fresh herbs by ZHANG Xi-chun

鲜药的运用历史悠久,是中医治疗疾病的特色之一。医学大家张锡纯对鲜药的临床应用颇有独到的见解,在其著作《医学衷中参西录》中有大量将鲜药用于治疗疾病的论述。笔者通过对张锡纯临床常用鲜药的性味归经以及应用范围进行整理分析,发现其临床运用鲜药药性多为寒、凉、平,药味多为甘、苦、辛,以归肺、胃、肝、脾经为主,具有药食通用、重用本性、不拘剂量的特色,重视鲜药在调畅气机、养阴生津和顾护脾胃等方面的作用。归纳张锡纯对鲜药的应用和认识,为鲜药的临床运用提供参考。

The use of fresh herbs has a long history and is one of the characteristics of Chinese medicine in treating diseases.ZHANG Xi-chun,a great medical expert,had unique insights into the clinical application of fresh herbs.In his book Yixue Zhongzhong Canxi Lu,there is a large number of discussions on the use of fresh herbs for treating diseases.In this paper,through the analysis of ZHANG Xi-chun commonly used fresh herbs in clinical use,the properties,flavors,meridians,and the scope of application,it is found that the properties of fresh herbs in clinical use are mostly cold,cool,and flat,and the tastes are mostly sweet,bitter,and acrid.Liver and spleen meridians are the main channels,and it has the characteristics of general use of herbs and food,reuse of nature,and unrestricted dosage.This paper summarizes ZHANG Xi-chun application and understanding of fresh herbs,providing a reference for the clinical application of fresh medicines.