张锡纯《医学衷中参西录》论治外感热病思想探析

Discussion on academic thought of ZHANG Xi-chun on the treatment of external heat illnesses from Records of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Combination

张锡纯是近代中西医汇通大家,他在医理、医论、药解等方面都有许多创见,其代表作《医学衷中参西录》中均有体现。在外感热病方面,他主张寒温统一,以寒统温,分六经辨治,法宗《伤寒论》,又根据时代的物化特点和时人体质特征变通用药、创立新方,补充了《伤寒论》中治疗温病方药的不足,同时注重固护脾胃、扶助正气,用药方面倡导三因制宜,并强调脉诊在把握疾病的表里、虚实、病势的进退方面的作用。可见,张锡纯治疗外感热病遣方灵活,中西汇通,博采众长,古为今用,在临床上有很大的指导和启发意义。

ZHANG Xi-chun was a modern master of the convergence of Chinese and Western medicine,and he had many innovative ideas in medical theory,medical theory,and pharmacological interpretation,which were recorded in his masterpiece Records of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Combination.In the area of external fever,he advocates the unification of cold-induced and warm diseases,the use of cold to unify warmth,and the differentiation of treatment into six meridians.He also varied the medication and created new prescriptions based on Shanghan Lun and the physical characteristics of the times and the people of the time.This complemented the shortcomings of the prescriptions for treating warm diseases in the Shanghan Lun.At the same time,he also focused on strengthening the spleen and stomach and supporting the righteousness,and advocated three factors in the use of medicine.He also emphasized the role of pulse diagnosis in grasping the interior and exterior,excess and deficiency,and the tendency of disease.It can be seen that ZHANG Xi-chun’s treatment of febrile disease of external origin is flexible in prescriptions,with the convergence of Chinese and Western approaches,and the use of the past for the present,which is of great clinical guidance and inspiration.