症状科学模型在慢性病护理中的应用进展及启示

Application progress and enlightenment of symptom science model in chronic disease nursing care

症状科学模型整合4个核心要素(复杂症状、表型特征、生物行为因素、临床应用)和3个影响因素(以患者为中心的体验、健康的社会决定因素、政策与人口健康),探索慢性病的症状评估、生物学机制及管理。症状科学模型强调基因组学、蛋白组学、微生物组学、代谢组学等方法在症状科学研究中的重要作用,促进护士对症状潜在生物学机制和生物标志物的理解,并开发具有针对性的、成本效益的、创新性的干预和控制措施,以预防、管理或改善慢性病的症状。该研究描述了症状科学模型的形成、框架,分析了症状科学模型在慢性病护理中的应用现状,为慢性病症状管理中的多学科融合发展提供借鉴。

The symptom science model integrates 4 core elements(complex symptom,phenotype characterization,biobehavioral factors,and clinical application)and 3 influencing factors(patient-centered experience,social determinants of health,policy and population health)to explore the symptom assessment,biological mechanisms and management of chronic diseases.The symptom science model emphasizes the important role of genomics,proteomics,microbiomics,and metabolomics and other methods in the study of symptom science,promotes nurses’understanding of the potential biological mechanisms and biomarkers of symptoms,and develops targeted,cost-effective and innovative interventions and control measures to prevent,manage or improve the symptoms of chronic diseases.This study describes the formation and framework of symptom science model,analyses the application status of symptom science model in chronic disease nursing care,and provides references for multidisciplinary integration development in chronic disease symptom management.