论《四库全书总目》的“附录”——兼论中国古代书目分类体系的成熟

On the“Appendix”of the SIKUQUANSHUZONGMU:A Fully-fledged Classification of Ancient Chinese Bibliography

图书分类是古代书目的结构体系,与图书分类相关的还有某些类目之后的“附录”,前人很少谈及。《四库全书总目》在18处设置了附录,涉及经、史、子、集四部,共41种书。附录较早出现在上海图书馆藏的《总目》稿本,之后才发展完善。附录之例应始于《总目》经部易类之后所附的易纬八种,《总目》所设既有小类附录,也包含某类或子目之后的一种两种书,大多是馆臣新的归纳,体例完善,内容全面。这意味附录至《总目》已突破了传统书目设置附录仅限于小类的藩篱,具备了完善的内容和体例,达到了理论自觉,成为古代书目分类体系成熟的一种体现。

Book classification is the structural system of ancient catalogue.Some appendixes related to book classification are attached to some categories,which haven’t attracted much attention.There are 18 appendixes in SIKUQUANSHUZONGMU,involving four sections and 41 books.Appendixes first appeared in manuscript of ZONGMU collected in Shanghai Library,and developed gradually.These appendixes begin with the eight types of Yiwei(augury books of Yi)attached to section of YI in the Part of classics.There are not only sub-category appendixes,but also one or two kinds of books attached to a certain category or sub catalog.Most of them with perfect style and comprehensive content are set up by the library officials,this means that the ZONGMU had had perfect content and style of appendix and formed a theory,which was an mature ancient bibliography.