中国2004-2021年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征和时空聚集性

Epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal clustering of mumps in China,2004-2021

目的分析中国流行性腮腺炎(流腮)流行病学特征和时空聚集性。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2004-2021年流腮发病数据,对流腮报告发病率进行描述性流行病学和时空聚集性分析。结果2004-2021年中国共报告流腮4818982例,年均报告发病率(/10万,下同)为19.90,2004-2007年、2008-2019年、2020-2021年分别为19.96、21.72、8.85,0-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁、15-19岁、≥20岁分别为146.48、383.49、186.35、38.40、5.97。北京市、天津市、上海市实施2剂次含流腮成分疫苗(Mumps-containing vaccine,MuCV)免疫策略后流腮年均报告发病率较实施前分别下降51.60%、62.72%、52.19%。2004-2021年流腮报告发病率时空扫描分析发现3个高发聚集区,覆盖13个省级地区。结论中国流腮报告发病率总体处于高水平,以5-9岁儿童为主,且存在时空聚集性。需继续落实适龄儿童2剂次MuCV免疫策略,加强重点地区流腮监测。

Objective To determine epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal clustering of mumps in China.Methods We obtained mumps incidence data during 2004-2021 from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System for epidemiological and spatial-temporal clustering analyses.Results A total of 4818982 mumps cases were reported from 2004 to 2021 in China,yielding an average annual incidence of 19.90 cases per 100000 population.Annual average incidences per 100000 were 19.96,21.72,and 8.85 in 2004-2007,2008-2019,and 2020-2021,respectively;incidences were 146.48,383.49,186.35,38.40,and 5.97 for 0-4-,5-9-,10-14-,15-19-,and≥20-year-olds.In Beijing,Tianjin,and Shanghai,annual average mumps incidence decreased by 51.60%,62.72%,and 52.19%after implementing two-dose mumps-containing vaccine(MuCV)immunization schedules.Spatial-temporal scanning analysis of mumps incidence from 2004 to 2021 showed three clustering areas of high incidence that covered 13 provinces.Conclusions The incidence of reported mumps was generally high in China,particularly among children 5-9 years of age.Mumps incidences showed spatial-temporal clustering.We should use a 2-dose MuCV immunization strategy for age-eligible children and strengthen mumps surveillance in priority areas.