中医经脉理论发展的回顾与省思

Review and reflection on the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine meridian theory

经脉理论是中医临床诊疗疾病的基础,从《伤寒论》到《脾胃论》,外感、内伤诊断体系的建立,经脉理论无不为其贡献了重要的理论组织素材和临床实践经验,针灸临床中包含的腧穴载录症状及总结的某些规律被大方脉吸收借鉴,显示了其在临床诊疗方面的积极意义,然而中医经脉理论虽历史悠久,其治疗手段在病症、腧穴、针灸方法、刺激量等方面多有探索,却未形成具有针灸特色的外感、内伤辨治体系。本文从经脉学术发展历史出发,就中医针灸在内伤诊治中的贡献与局限进行了回顾与分析,以期对目前中医的学习和认识有所启发。

The meridian theory is the pioneer of clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).From Shang Han Lun to Pi Wei Lun,the meridian theory has contributed important theoretical organization materials and clinical practice experience to the establishment of the diagnosis system of external and internal injuries.The acupoints contained in its clinical acupuncture and moxibustion record symptoms,and some laws summarized have been absorbed and used for reference.It shows the positive significance of its exploration in clinical diagnosis and treatment.A system of differentiation and treatment of external and internal injuries with acupuncture has not been formed,even though the meridian theory of TCM has a long history with many areas being explored,such as diseases,acupoints,acupuncture methods and stimulation amount.Therefore,this paper starts from the academic development history of meridians,reviews and analyzes the contribution and limitations of TCM acupuncture and moxibustion in the diagnosis and treatment of internal injury,in order to enlighten the current study and understanding of TCM.