高血压伴超重或肥胖患者直觉饮食现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on the status quo of intuitive eating in hypertensive patients withoverweight or obesity and the influencing factors

目的了解高血压伴超重或肥胖患者直觉饮食现状,并分析相关影响因素。方法选择2020年1-12月杭州市某三级甲等医院高血压伴超重或肥胖患者218例,采用一般资料问卷、中文版直觉饮食量表-2(IES-2)、荷兰进食行为量表(DEBQ)、一般自我效能量表(GSES)、体型图量表进行调查,了解高血压伴超重或肥胖患者直觉饮食现状并分析其影响因素。结果218例患者IES-2总分为(2.98±0.75)分。不同学历、进食新鲜蔬菜瓜果及速冻食品频率患者IES-2评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。IES-2总分及各分项评分分别与DEBQ总分及各分项评分、体像满意度呈负相关,与GSES评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。外因性进食行为、新鲜蔬菜瓜果进食频率、速冻食品进食频率、体像满意度、一般自我效能感为高血压伴超重或肥胖患者直觉饮食水平的影响因素(P<0.001)。结论高血压伴超重或肥胖患者直觉饮食水平中等偏下,需要从多方面进行干预。

Objective To understand the status quo of intuitive eating in hypertension patients with overweight or obesity,and to analyze the relevant influencing factors.Methods 218 hypertension patients with overweight or obesity were selected from a gradeⅢlevel A hospital in Hangzhou from January to December 2020.The general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the intuitive eating scale-2(IES-2),the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire(DEBQ),the general self-efficacy scale(GSES),and the somatotype map scale were used to investigate the current situation of the intuitive eating of hypertensive patients with overweight or obesity and analyze its influencing factors.Results The IES-2 total score of 218 patients was(2.98±0.75)points.The IES-2 scores of the patients with different educational background and different frequency of eating fresh vegetables,melons,fruits and quick-frozen foods were significantly different(P<0.05).The total score,sub-score of IES-2 were negatively correlated with the total score and sub-score of DEBQ and the satisfaction of body image,and positively correlated with the score of GSES(P<0.05).The external eating behavior,eating frequency of fresh vegetables,melons and fruits,eating frequency of quick-frozen food,body image satisfaction,general self-efficacy were the influencing factors of the intuitive eating level of hypertension patients with overweight or obesity(P<0.001).Conclusion The hypertension patients with overweight or obesity have a lower intuitive eating level,which requires intervention from many aspects.