淹水胁迫对开花期小麦生理生化特征的影响

Effects of waterlogging stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat at flowering stage

以耐淹性不同的周麦22(ZM22,不耐淹品种)和百农607(BN607,耐淹品种)为试材,采用盆栽方式,研究淹水处理对两种小麦叶片叶绿素含量、各部位(小麦根系、老叶、旗叶、籽粒)糖分含量和乙醇脱氢酶活性的影响.结果表明:开花期淹水处理后,ZM22老叶中叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总含量都显著下降,而BN607相应各指标的叶绿素含量都上升.淹水处理后BN607根系蔗糖含量上升的幅度远高于ZM22,而ZM22根系中总糖含量显著降低.与对照相比,淹水处理后BN607旗叶中总糖含量显著增加,而老叶中总糖含量显著降低;淹水处理后7 d ZM22旗叶中总糖含量显著降低,而老叶总糖含量与对照差异不显著.在老叶和旗叶中,淹水处理3 d和7 d后造成ZM22的ADH酶活性显著降低,而BN607的ADH酶活性显著上升.整体来看,BN607对淹水的适应能力要强于ZM22.

In this study,Zhoumai 22(ZM22,non-waterlogging-tolerant variety) and Bainong 607(BN607,waterlogging-tolerant variety) with different submergence tolerance were used as plant materials by pot planting method to test the effects of submergence treatment on chlorophyll content,sugar content and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in different parts(root,old leaf,flag leaf and grain) of two wheat varieties,respectively.The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a +b in the old leaves of ZM22 decreased significantly after waterlogging treatment at the flowering stage,while the chlorophyll contents of the corresponding indexes of BN607 all increased.After waterlogging,the sucrose content in the roots of BN607 increased much more than that of ZM22,while the total sugar content in the roots of ZM22 decreased significantly.Compared with the control treatment,the total sugar content in flag leaves of BN607 increased significantly after waterlogging treatment,while the total sugar content in old leaves decreased significantly.The total sugar content of ZM22 flag leaves decreased significantly at 7 days after waterlogging treatment,while the total sugar content of old leaves was not significantly different from the control treatment.In old leaves and flag leaves,the ADH enzyme activity of ZM22 was significantly decreased after3 and 7 days of waterlogging treatment,while the ADH enzyme activity of BN607 was significantly increased.Overall,the adaptability of BN607 to waterlogging was stronger than that of ZM22.