马铃薯糖苷生物碱检测技术研究进展

Research Progress of Glycoalkaloids of Potato Detection Technology

马铃薯中存在的糖苷生物碱,如α-茄碱、α-卡茄碱、茄啶和垂茄啶等,是一类有毒的代谢物,在植物中,它们是防御细菌、真菌的分子,具有抑制微生物、抗肿瘤等作用。但是糖苷生物碱的积累会使得马铃薯口感苦涩,同时,当超过一定范围时可引起包括肠胃炎、低血压、发热甚至是神经功能紊乱等食物中毒症状。本研究从马铃薯糖苷生物碱的种类、理化性质、提取方法和检测技术等几方面进行综述,进一步总结了马铃薯中糖苷生物碱检测技术的研究进展,并分析了检测马铃薯中糖苷生物碱存在的问题,为生物碱的研究提供一定的参考。

Glucoside alkaloids in potatoes,such asα-solanine,α-chaconine,solanidine and demissidine,are a class of toxic metabolites.In plants,they are the molecules that defend bacteria and fungi,and have the effects of inhibiting microorganisms and anti-tumor.But the accumulation of glycoside alkaloids can make potatoes taste bitter and,when exceeded,can cause food poisoning symptoms including gastroenteritis,low blood pressure,fever and even neurological disorders.In this study,the types,physical and chemical properties,extraction methods and detection techniques of potato glycoside alkaloids were reviewed,and the research progress of detection technology of potato glycoside alkaloids was further summarized,and the existing problems of detection of potato glycoside alkaloids were analyzed to provide some reference for the study of alkaloids.