政策工具视角下我国民族团结进步条例文本分析

Text Analysis of Regulations on National Unity and Progress from the Perspective of Policy Instruments

民族团结进步事业对于维护国家统一、铸牢中华民族共同体意识具有重要意义。立法是推动民族团结进步事业深入发展的有效途径。基于政策工具视角,以近十年来省、自治区以及自治州(县)层面发布的21份民族团结进步条例为研究样本,按照“政策工具-政策主体-政策影响力”构建民族团结进步条例政策文本三维立体框架,对政策工具进行“环境型-供给型-需求型”系统化分析,进而探讨其实然本质与应然趋势,增强民族团结进步条例的合理性与有效性。具体而言,一是遵循民族团结进步条例内容的生态治理原则,提升短板设计的科学性;二是遵循民族团结进步实践主体的多元协同原则,加强各主体间的紧密联系;三是遵循民族团结进步条例影响的顶层设计原则,提升三级联动机制的合力;四是遵循民族团结进步条例的因地制宜原则,在尊重差异性的基础上增进共同性。

Ethnic unity and progress is of great significance for maintaining national unity and consolidating the sense of community for the Chinese nation.Legislation is an effective way to promote the deep development of ethnic unity and progress.From the perspective of policy instruments,this article takes 21 regulations on ethnic unity and progress issued by provinces,autonomous regions,and autonomous prefectures(counties)in the past decade as research samples,and constructs a three-dimensional framework for analysis of the policy texts according to“policy instruments-policy subjects-policy influence”.It systematically analyzes the nature and ideal trend,so as to enhance the rationality and effectiveness of regulations on ethnic unity and progress.Specifically,the paper proposes to follow the ecological principles in regulations on ethnic unity and progress,and improve the scientific design of weak points.Secondly,we should follow the principle of pluralistic coordination among the subjects of national unity and progress,and strengthen the close contact among the subjects.Thirdly,we should follow the top-level design principle influenced by the regulations on national unity and progress to enhance the resultant force of the three-level linkage mechanism.Fourthly,we should follow the principle of adapting measures to local conditions in accordance with the regulations on ethnic unity and progress,and promote commonality on the basis of respecting differences.