基于改进Hotelling模型的新运输通道定价和补贴策略:以西部陆海新通道为例

Pricing and subsidy strategy of new transportation corridors based on improved Hotelling model:a case study of New Western Land-sea Corridor

在既定的区域货运市场内,为快速扩大新运输通道的受众范围,与既有运输通道形成合理的区域货运格局,考虑不同货物时间价值差异及政府补贴的重要作用,构建改进Hotelling模型分析新运输通道与既有运输通道之间的博弈关系,讨论新运输通道运营商的最优定价策略和地方政府的最佳补贴策略。以西部陆海新通道中重庆至新加坡及重庆至汉堡的运输通道为例进行实证分析,结果表明:在重庆至新加坡的货运市场中,政府以市场份额为目标时应对电子元件等高时间价值货物提供补贴,政府以社会福利最大为目标时应对橡胶塑料制品等低时间价值货物提供补贴;在重庆至汉堡的货运市场中,政府对笔记本电脑等高时间价值货物提供补贴会带来最佳收益。

Within the established regional freight market,in order to quickly expand the consumer scope of a new transport corridor,and form a reasonable pattern of regional freight with the current transport corridors,considering the time value difference of different goods and the important role of government subsidies,the improved Hotelling model is used to analyze the game relationship between the new transport corridor and the current transport corridors,and the optimal pricing strategy of the operator of the new transport corridor as well as the optimal subsidy strategy of the government are discussed.The Chongqing to Singapore section and the Chongqing to Hamburg section in New Western Land-sea Corridor are taken as examples to make empirical analysis.The results show the following:in the freight market from Chongqing to Singapore,when the government aims at market share it should provide subsidies for high time value goods such as electronic components,and when the government aims at the maximum social welfare it should provide subsidies for low time value goods such as rubber and plastic products;in the freight market from Chongqing to Hamburg,that the government provides subsidies for high time value goods such as laptops will bring the best benefits.