某微型齿轮机构的随机振动摩擦学试验研究

Random Vibration Running-in Method of a Micro-gear Mechanism

目的 解决微型齿轮机构在随机振动环境下服役寿命短的问题,通过跑合优化微型齿轮机构摩擦副的界面性能,提升其服役耐久性。方法 对微型齿轮机构进行跑合试验,采用正交试验法研究振动时间以及OX和OZ方向的随机振动能量对跑合效果的影响。为验证不同参数组合的跑合效果,设计标准工况振动载荷谱验证实验,测试实验前后的延时时间变化,并以此作为评判跑合效果的依据,借助平衡摆销表面磨损面积评判微型齿轮机构的磨损程度,通过统计学分析得到各个因素对跑合效果的影响趋势以及最优参数。结果 各因素对跑合效果的影响主次为振动时间>OZ方向随机振动量值>OX方向随机振动量值。随着振动时间和OZ方向振动能量的增加,延时时间变化量出现极小值,摆销磨损面积的增加速度呈现变缓的趋势。通过观察发现,OZ方向的振动使表面发生磨粒磨损,有助于表界面的跑合,而OX方向的振动能量对跑合效果的影响不显著。结论 通过延时时间变化量极差分析得到最优的跑合参数组合,振动时间为450min,OX和OZ方向的随机振动等效能量分别为6.79g和15.17g。

The work aims to optimize the interface performance of friction pair of micro-gear mechanism by running-in to improve its service durability to solve the problem of short service life of micro-gear mechanism in random vibration environment.In this work,the orthogonal experiment method was used to study the vibration time and the random vibration energy in the OX and OZ directions to carry out running-in test of the micro-gear mechanism.In order to verify the running-in effect of different parameter combinations,a vibration load spectrum verification test under standard operating conditions was designed.The delay time change before and after the test was used as the basis for judging the running-in effect, and the wear degree of the micro-gear mechanism was judged according to the surface wear area of the balance pin. Through statistical analysis, the in-fluence trend of each factor on the running-in effect and the optimal parameters were obtained. The experimental results showed that the primary and secondary effects of various factors on the running-in effect were: vibration time > random vibration value in the OZ direction > random vibration value in the OX direction. With the increase of the vibration time and the vibration en-ergy in the OZ direction, the variation of the delay time appeared to a minimum value and the growth rate of the wear area of the balance pin tended to slow down. By observing the surface interface, it was found that the vibration in the OZ direction caused abrasive wear on the surface, which was conducive to the running-in of the surface interface, while the vibration energy in the OX direction had no significant effect on the running-in effect. The optimal combination of running-in parameters is obtained by range analysis on change of delay time: the vibration time is 450 minutes, and the equivalent energy of random vibration in the OX and OZ directions is 6.79g and 15.17g, respectively.