中青年首发脑卒中患者出院准备需求的质性研究

Discharge Needs for Preparation of Young and Middle-aged Patients with First Stroke:A Qualitative Study

目的 了解中青年首发脑卒中患者出院准备的需求,为提高该群体出院准备度提供参考依据。方法 采用现象学研究方法,目的抽样选取2021年11月至2022年3月在上海市某综合性医院出院的中青年首发脑卒中患者15例进行半结构式深入访谈,并运用Colaizzi 7步分析法对数据进行整理分析。结果 分析得出中青年首发脑卒中患者出院准备需求的4个主题,分别为:提升疾病自我管理能力的需求、持续获取医疗咨询服务的需求、重返家庭、社会角色的需求以及心理干预的需求。结论 加强脑卒中疾病知识普及,提供延续性护理,提升患者疾病自我管理能力;重视中青年首发脑卒中患者的自我价值,提高重返社会的信心;关注中青年首发脑卒中患者的心理需求,提供心理疏导。

Objective To understand the discharge needs for preparation of young and middle-aged patients with first stroke,so as to provide references for improving their discharge readiness.Methods A phenomenological research was conducted.Purposive sampling was used to select 15 young and middle-aged patients with first stroke for semi-structured interviews,who were discharged from a general hospital in Shanghai City from November,2021 to March,2022.The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used for analyzing the data.Results Four themes on discharge needs for preparation of young and middle-aged patients with first stroke were summarized,including needs for improving the ability of disease self-management,obtaining medical consultation services constantly,returning to the family and social roles,and psychological interventions.Conclusions Knowledge on stroke should be spread and continuous nursing be provided,to improve the patients' ability of disease self-management.Self-value of young and middle-aged patients with first stroke should be emphasized and their confidence in returning to society should be improved.Psychological needs of young and middle-aged patients with first stroke should be paid attention to and psychological counseling be provided.