无人机紧密编队飞行气动耦合仿真研究

Simulation research on aerodynamic coupling of UAVs flying in close formation

针对典型的长僚机固定翼双机紧密编队飞行中的气动耦合问题,基于计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)理论,对在同一高度飞行的无人机单机和长僚机双机单元分别进行流场仿真研究。仿真结果表明:在特定的外部环境下,当两架小型无尾后掠翼无人机距离为两倍翼展、机翼在翼展方向重叠12.15%时,僚机的升力增量和阻力负增量均达到最大值,气动效率最佳。

In order to solve the aerodynamic coupling problem of the typical leader-follower fixed-wing aircrafts in the tight formation flight based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) theory, the flow field simulation of the single aircraft and the leader-follower aircraft unit flying at the same altitude is studied. The simulation results show that in a certain external environment, when the distances of two small tailless swept-wing aircrafts are twice of the wingspan, and the wings overlap is 12.15% in the wingspan direction, the lift increment and the drag negative increment of the follower aircraft reach to the maximum, and the aerodynamic efficiency is the best.