功能主义刑法视阈下期待可能性的价值定位

The Value Positioning of Expecting Possibilities from the Perspective of Functionalist Criminal Law

风险社会中,应对社会问题越来越依赖刑事立法。刑法干预前置化特征凸显,从而呈现出一种功能主义的刑法观。这种犯罪化大于非犯罪化的倾向使得刑法具有过度工具化的法治风险。面对这一风险,承载人权保障机能的期待可能性可以作为功能主义刑法无限扩张的边界,其价值定位应该立足于归责话语的规范维度、历史维度和实践维度而展开。期待可能性作为“厚”共识性的法理形式是构成性的责任要素,同时应该作为刑事政策刑法化的载体,以检视责任认定的准确性和合理性,这一定位对于建构感受性正义具有重要的规范意义和时代价值。

In a risk society,the response to social problems is increasingly dependent on criminal legislation.Criminal law intervention has prominent features of prepositioning,thus showing a functionalist view of criminal law.This tendency to criminalize more than decriminalization makes criminal law risk of over-instrumentalization of the rule of law.Faced with this risk,the possibility of carrying the expectation of human rights protection function can be regarded as the boundary of the infinite expansion of functionalist criminal law,and its value positioning should be based on the normative,historical and practical dimensions of the discourse of imputation.Expectation possibility,as a“thick”consensus legal form,is a constitutive element of responsibility,and at the same time,should be used as a carrier of criminalization of criminal policies to examine the accuracy and rationality of responsibility determination.This positioning is important for constructing perceptual justice.Normative significance and epochal value.