国家翻译实践视阈下抗战时期延安翻译活动再考察

A Re-examination of Translation Activities in Yan’an during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in the Context of State Translation Program

国家翻译实践是国家意志外显为国家话语行为的实现形式。文章引入“国家翻译实践”的研究视阈,从抗战时期延安翻译活动的必要性、翻译主体、实践属性与制度化沿革等方面对延安翻译活动作再考察,探寻在其中萌生发展的国家翻译实践形式,发现延安翻译活动的主体是“高-中-低”三位一体的延安政权、翻译机构与个体译者的复合体,其翻译活动表现了延安政权抗日救国的意志,在思想政治与意识形态、军事作战、内外宣传、军事外交与统一战线等方面做出了积极贡献。在国家翻译实践的视阈下再考察抗战时期延安翻译活动可为展示新时代中国国家形象、拓展中国话语空间以及建构中国国家话语体系提供借鉴。

State Translation Program turns the state’s will into the state discourse.This article attempts to re-examine the translation activities in Yan’an during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in the context of State Translation Program in terms of necessity of translation activities,participants,attributes,and the history of institutionalization,etc.,and explore forms of the state translation program that have sprung up and developed therein.It is found that the participants of translation activities in Yan’an are a complex of Yan’an government,translation agencies and individual translators in a‘high-medium-low’trinity,whose translation activities highlight the will of Yan’an government and made contributions in the areas of ideology,military operations,internal and external communication,military diplomacy and the united front.Re-examining translation activities in Yan’an during the War of Resistance in the context of State Translation Program is expected to provide a reference for presenting China’s national image in the new era and building China’s discourse space and national discourse system.