制度之困嫡长继承制度的窘境及突破

The Dilemma and Breakthrough of the Lineal Primogeniture System

制度有盛衰,陷困境亦不罕见。以中国古代嫡长传承制度言,自创设到运行,历陷困境。千年行制,宁修补不更易。其显示的是以古为圣,以古为鉴,以古为证的制度行为特色。这种以传统为资源的创制、行制、改制,虽有借鉴、获取资源之便,但也时陷制度于困。清雍正突破传统面向现实,废旧制创新制,一招解困,其行为为走出制度之困提供了有益启示。

It is not uncommon for a system to rise and fall and to experience predicaments.The ancient system of lineal primogeniture is said to experience many predicaments since its creation.For a system that has been practiced for a thousand years,it is better to repair it rather than change it.This idea shows the characteristics of the system of taking ancient people as sages and taking what has happened in history,as a mirror and as an evidence.As for this traditional system which has experienced reform,although it can easily learn from and obtain resources,it is sometimes trapped in them.The Yongzheng Emperor in the Qing dynasty broke through the tradition to face the reality,and innovated the old system to solve the problem.His method has shed light on system predicatements.