载人航天器舱外在轨维修设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Manned Spacecraft In-orbit Extravehicular Maintenance

在航天员的参与下,载人航天器舱外设备的维修更换给航天器的长寿命运行提供了途径。为此,文章提出适用于舱外在轨维修的技术解决途径,以载人航天器舱外摄像机为例,对摄像机标志、操作机械接口、电接口、航天员抓握、防飘等方面进行了维修性设计。对我国载人航天器舱外摄像机的维修过程开展仿真和在轨维修试验,验证了舱外摄像机维修设计的正确性和合理性。该设计可为我国载人航天器设备的维修性设计提供参考。

With the participation of astronauts,the maintenance and replacement of the equipment inside and outside the manned spacecraft provide a way for the long life of the spacecraft.Taking the extravehicular camera of manned spacecraft as an example,a maintainability technology solution approach suitable for in-orbit maintenance is proposed.The maintainability design of camera logo,operating mechanical interface,electrical interface,astronaut grip and anti-drift is carried out.Finally,the simulation and in-orbit maintenance test on a China manned spacecraft verify the correctness and rationality of the maintenance design of extravehicular camera.The design can provide technical support for maintainability design of China manned spacecraft machine.