欧盟、美国和日本加工农产品中农药残留评估现状

Current state of the evaluation of pesticide residues in processed agricultural commodities by the EU,the USA and Japan

本文介绍了欧盟、美国和日本评估加工农产品中农药残留的数据要求和试验准则,以及开展膳食摄入风险评估和推荐农药最大残留限量(MRL)的方法,汇总了用于农药残留评估的加工农产品及其分类,分析了加工农产品中农药MRL制定现状,为进一步提高我国相关领域技术提供借鉴。比较分析结果表明,欧盟和美国在农药登记资料要求中明确提出了加工试验数据要求并且制定了相应的试验准则,美国在试验准则中描述了加工农产品中农药MRL的推荐原则;美国和日本制定了一定数量的加工农产品中农药MRL,欧盟建立了适用于监管农药MRL的加工因子数据库;欧盟、美国和日本均在相关法规中规定了加工农产品中农药残留的合规性判定。

In this review,the methodologies for establishing pesticide maximum residue limit(MRL)and conducting risk assessment of dietary intake,the data requirements and the test guidelines for the evaluation of pesticide residues in processed agricultural commodities by the European Union(EU),the United States of America(USA)and Japan were introduced.The classification of processed agricultural commodities was summarized and the current state of pesticide MRL in processed agricultural commodities was analyzed,which provides a reference for the improvement of relevant works in China.The comparative analysis results showed that the data requirements and test guidelines for processing test were clearly stipulated by the EU and the USA in their regulations for pesticide registration,and the principles for recommending pesticide MRL in processed agricultural commodities were described in the test guidelines by the USA.A certain number of pesticide MRLs in processed agricultural commodities were established by the USA and Japan,while a database of processing factors for the compliance with pesticide MRL was established by the EU.The compliance criteria for pesticide residues in processed agricultural commodities were all stated in relevant regulations by the EU,the USA and Japan.