高温对芙新姬小蜂控制美洲斑潜蝇潜力的影响

Impact of high temperature on the biocontrol potential of Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood)(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)against Liriomyza sativae

为明确高温条件对芙新姬小蜂Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood)成虫寿命以及行为的影响,以美洲斑潜蝇Liriomyza sativae Blanchard 2龄末至3龄初幼虫为寄主,在补充非寄主食物20%葡萄糖溶液的情况下,观察了芙新姬小蜂雌成虫在26、30℃和35℃3个温度下的寿命及对美洲斑潜蝇的取食致死数、叮蛰致死数、寄生致死数和总致死数。结果显示:与26℃相比,高温条件(30℃和35℃)下,单头雌虫的日均取食致死数、日均叮蛰致死数、日均寄生致死数、日均总致死数均显著升高,并在35℃达到最高值,分别为9.6、12.2、5.5头和27.3头。芙新姬小蜂雌成虫的寿命随着温度升高而显著缩短,26℃下的寿命(21.4 d)约为30℃下寿命(11.4 d)的1.9倍和35℃下寿命(9.6 d)的2.2倍。3个温度下雌成虫一生的取食致死数、叮蛰致死数、寄生致死数、总致死数均无显著差异,总寄主致死数均达230头以上。表明35℃高温对芙新姬小蜂控制美洲斑潜蝇的总潜力没有显著影响。

To evaluate the impact of high temperatures on the longevity and biocontrol behavior of Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood),the late 2nd-instar and the early 3rd-instar larvae of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard were used as hosts to investigate the longevity,average number of host-feeding events,host-stinging events,parasitism events,and total host-killing events of N.formosa at 26℃,30℃,and 35℃under the supplementation of 20%glucose solution.The results showed that,compared to 26℃,the average number of daily host-feeding events,daily host-sting events,daily parasitism events,and daily host-killing events per female increased significantly at higher temperatures(30℃and 35℃),reaching a maximum of 9.6,12.2,5.5,and 27.3 larvae at 35℃,respectively.However,the longevity of parasitoids decreased significantly with increasing temperature,with the longevity at 26℃(21.4 d)being approximately 1.9 and 2.2 times longer than those at 30℃(11.4 d)and 35℃(9.6 d).There was no significant difference in host-feeding events,host-sting events,parasitism events,and total host-killing events per female adult in their lifetime under three temperatures,and the total host mortalities were over 230 larvae at each temperature.In conclusion,high temperature(35℃)does not significantly affect the biocontrol potential of N.formosa.