受教育权价值变迁及其在数字时代的价值定位

Value Change of Right to Education and Value Orientation in the Digital Age

“价值”的概念内涵在教育学和法学视角下各有不同。对于受教育权而言,其价值分析主要应当从受教育者自身而非施教者一方出发。其中,自由与公平价值是受教育权的核心价值。受教育权价值变迁一方面源于教育组织形态和技术形态的变革,另一方面也受制于权利形态自身的演进过程,即从应有权利发展成为法定权利,再到最终的实有权利。受教育权价值经历了以自由为主、公平为辅到以公平为主、自由为辅的变迁。然而,随着数字时代的来临,受教育者的主体地位逐渐得到确立,并开始与施教者共同分享教育话语权,受教育权也因此随之转向公平与自由并重的价值定位。其中,教育公平价值是数字时代应当坚守的教育底线,教育自由价值则是数字时代对发展优质教育的呼唤。

The connotation of the concept of“value”varies from the perspectives of pedagogy and law.As for the right to education,its value analysis should mainly start from the educatee itself rather than the educator.Among them,the values of freedom and faimess are the core values of the right to education.The value change of the right to education originates from the transformation of educational organizational and technological forms on the one hand,and is also constrained by the evolution process of the right form itself,namely,from due rights to legal rights,and then to the ultimate real rights.The value of the right to education has undergone a transition from freedom first and fairmess second to faimess first and freedom second.However,with the advent of the digital era,the subject status of the educated has gradually been established,and they have begun to share their educational discourse rights with the educators.As a result,the right to education has shifted to a value orientation that emphasizes both faimess and freedom.Among them,the fair value of education is the bottom line of education that should be adhered to in the digital era,while the free value of education is the call for the development of high-quality education in the digital era.