氮杂环卡宾-铜配合物在有机催化反应中的应用研究进展

Research progress on application of N-heterocyclic carbene-copper complexes in organocatalytic reactions

有机金属催化剂能让化学反应实现高选择性、高产率,并且反应条件温和、操作简单方便.其中,氮杂环卡宾(N-heterocyclic carbenes, NHCs)是一类稳定性强、价格低廉、毒性较低、易制备的配体.因为氮杂环卡宾与过渡金属具有强配位能力,使得其作为过渡金属配合物的新型配体而得到了迅速发展.相比其他金属来说,金属Cu以其价廉和储量丰富等优势而在众多金属中脱颖而出.基于此,本文以氮杂环卡宾-铜配合物(NHC-Cu)为例,总结和归纳了近十年来NHC-Cu作为催化剂在有机反应中的研究进展,主要包含Click反应(叠氮与炔环加成反应)、末端炔烃与三氟甲基酮的加成反应、共轭加成反应、羰基化反应、不对称烯丙基取代反应、A^(3)偶联反应、硼化反应和氧化反应等.

Organometallic catalyst can make chemical reaction achieve high selectivity,high yield,mild reaction conditions,simple and convenient operation.Among them,N-heterocyclic carbenes(NHCs)is a kind of ligand with strong stability,low price,low toxicity and easy preparation.The strong coordination ability of nitroheterocyclic carbens with transition metals has led to its rapid development as a new ligand of transition metal complexes.Compared with other metals,metal Cu stands out among many metals due to its advantages of low price and abundant reserves.Taking nitrogen heterocyclic carben-copper complex(NHC-Cu)as an example,this paper summarized and summarized the research progress of NHC-Cu as catalyst in organic reaction in recent ten years.It mainly includes Click reaction(azide and alkyne cycloaddition reaction),addition of terminal alkynes to trifluoromethyl ketone,conjugate addition reaction,carbonylation,asymmetric allyl substitution,A^(3) coupling reaction,boriding and oxidation reaction,etc.