新疆地区城市人口理想心血管健康行为和因素分析

Analysis of ideal cardiovascular health metrics among urban population in Xinjiang

[目的]探讨新疆地区城市人口理想心血管健康(ICVH)行为和因素的流行现状。[方法]2019年7月—2021年9月采用两阶段随机抽样的方法随机选取北疆地区乌鲁木齐市、南疆地区库尔勒市两个固定社区30~74岁的居民,进行问卷调查、生理生化指标检测,排除既往脑卒中和(或)冠心病患者后,分析ICVH指标的流行现状。[结果](1)共10520例,参与者平均年龄为46.58岁,男性5367例,女性5153例,全部参与者中理想空腹血糖占比78.4%(95%CI:77.6%~79.2%),理想吸烟状态占比76.5%(95%CI:75.7%~77.3%),理想总胆固醇占比65.2%(95%CI:64.3%~66.1%)。参与者达到理想体力活动水平占比仅有20.9%(95%CI:20.1%~21.7%),理想BMI水平占比31.4%(95%CI:30.5%~32.3%),理想血压水平占比39.1%(95%CI:38.2%~40.0%),理想膳食水平占比43.0%(95%CI:42.0%~43.9%)。(2)仅有1.5%(95%CI:1.3%~1.7%)的参与者拥有7项ICVH指标。(3)青年组仅有1.9%(95%CI:1.5%~2.3%)的参与者拥有7项ICVH指标,理想BMI(36.6%,95%CI:35.2%~38.0%)、理想体力活动(19.4%,95%CI:18.2%~20.5%)、理想膳食(42.6%,95%CI:41.2%~44.1%)占比均低于50%。[结论]新疆地区城市人口中,缺乏体力活动、血压偏高、膳食结构不合理,尤其是在青年人中ICVH水平显现率低是该地区在心脑血管疾病预防面临的主要问题。

Aim To investigate the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health(ICVH)metrics among urban population in Xinjiang.Methods From July 2019 to September 2021,a two-stage random sampling method was used to randomly select residents of two fixed communities in Urumqi in northern Xinjiang and Korla in southern Xinjiang,aged 30~74 years,for questionnaire survey and physiological and biochemical indicators testing.After excluding patients with previous stroke and/or coronary heart disease,the prevalence of ICVH indicators in the population was analyzed.Results(1)A total of 10520 participants were selected,with an average age of 46.58 years,including 5367 males and 5153 females.The proportion of ideal blood glucose,ideal smoking status and ideal blood lipid was 78.4%(95%CI:77.6%~79.2%),76.5%(95%CI:75.7%~77.3%)and 65.2%(95%CI:64.3%~66.1%),respectively.Only 20.9%(95%CI:20.1%~21.7%)of the participants achieved the ideal physical activity level,31.4%(95%CI:30.5%~32.3%)achieved the ideal BMI,39.1%(95%CI:38.2%~40.0%)achieved the ideal blood pressure,and 43.0%(95%CI:42.0%~43.9%)achieved the ideal healthy diet.(2)Only 1.5%(95%CI:1.3%~1.7%)of the participants met seven ICVH metrics.(3)Only 1.9%(95%CI:1.5%~2.3%)of participants in the youth group had seven ICVH metrics.The proportion of ideal BMI(36.6%,95%CI:35.2%~38.0%),ideal physical activity(19.4%,95%CI:18.2%~20.5%)and ideal diet(42.6%,95%CI:41.2%~44.1%)were all lower than 50%in the youth group.Conclusion Lack of physical activity,high blood pressure,unreasonable dietary structure,and low prevalence of ICVH,especially among young people,are the main problems facing the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in urban of Xinjiang.