120份棉花种质资源品质性状与遗传多样性分析

Analysis of Quality Traits and Genetic Diversity of 120 Cotton Germplasm Resources

【目的】研究棉花种质资源纤维品质性状多样性,筛选出高品质种质资源,为棉花品种改良奠定基础。【方法】以新引进的120份国内外棉花种质资源为材料,采用田间种植的方法,利用田间表型结合分子标记技术,研究其纤维品质的品质性状整体状况及形状间的相关性,结合分子标记手段,分析种质资源进行遗传多样性。【结果】120份资源上半部平均长度均在33 mm以下,其中31份棉花样品马克隆值属于A级范围,断裂比强度最小为24.08,最大为38.4。共检测到95个多态性位点,平均每对引物检测到5.58个多态性位点。供试材料可分为2个类群,分类结果与其品质性状大致相同。【结论】120份种质资源的遗传多样性比较丰富;PSP25523-1、苏联棉5系、苏联棉28系和鄂抗棉7共4份材料纤维品质优良,可以作为优质亲本改良新疆棉花。

【Objective】To study the diversity of fiber quality traits of cotton germplasm resources by using field phenotype combined with molecular marker technology,improve the utilization efficiency of cotton germplasm resources and lay the foundation for the research of hybrid parents germplasm resources.【Methods】120 introduced cotton germplasm resources were used as research materials,and the field planting method was employed to study the overall status of fiber quality traits and the correlation between shapes and after that,the genetic diversity of germplasm resources was further analyzed by combining molecular marker technology.【Results】The fiber lengths of all 120 samples were less than 33 mm,and the Micronaire Values of 31 samples were in the range of A.The minimum of breaking strength was 24.08 and the maximum was 38.4.A total of 95 polymorphic loci were detected,with an average of 5.58 polymorphic loci per primer pair.Cluster analysis and population structure analysis showed that the tested materials could be divided into two groups,and the classification results were similar to their quality traits.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of 120 germplasm resources is abundant;PSP 25523-1,5-line of Soviet Union cotton,28 lines of Soviet Union cotton and Ekangmian 7 belong to high quality cotton varieties with high fiber quality,which can be used as high-quality parents to improve Xinjiang cotton germplasm resources.